Thursday, October 31, 2019

Has state played a leading role in upgrading technologies in the Asia Essay

Has state played a leading role in upgrading technologies in the Asia Pacific Answer with reference to relevant theories and us - Essay Example The integration of firms in Asia Pacific into GPNs have greatly stimulated industrial development. Operating under GPNs, Asia Pacific firms have been successful at tapping into the leading markets in the world (Barbara, 2008).   Through this, these firms have been able to compensate for their small size domestic market. Through network participation, Asia Pacific Firms have been able to access to the leading-edge technologies, as well as best-practice management approaches (Barbara, 2008).  This has created pressures, incentives, as well as new opportunities for the Asia Pacific network suppliers to update and upgrade their management and technological capabilities and the workers’ skill levels. Studies indicate that Asia pacific governments have been behind the most of the scientific innovations in these regions. The focus of this paper to discuss the role of Asia Pacific countries in upgrading technologies in the Asia Pacific region. The role of governments continues to be a source of development of industrial capabilities and economic growth in Pacific Asia region. However, the 2010 downturn in the electronics industry and the 1997 global financial crisis brutally exposed the model of technological diversification. A country becomes more vulnerable (1) if it becomes highly integrated into GPN (2) if its large share of exports is  purely electronic, and (3) if it is largely dependent on exporting products to the United States for purposes of getting revenue (Iansiti, & West, 1997). Additionally, returns for the factory model are also decreasing. As capital intensive for these investments increase, new employments are generated (Iansiti & West, 1997). It also causes the decline in local spillovers to domestic suppliers as global contract manufacturers contribute their services to the integrated manufacturing, which in turn increases the share of production of the global industry. Moreover, much of the investments of global factory has remained foo tloose leading to relocation of new low-cost locales and plant closure. Asia Pacific firms heavily rely on Japanese, European, and American firms as their dominant source of new technology. This shows why heavy concentration of innovative capabilities, R&D, and intellectual property rights being centered on the U.S (Iansiti, & West, 1997). For Asia Pacific, this led to razor-thin margins due to hefty licensing fee levied by the dominant global brand firms. A broad consensus has emerged across the region that electronic industries within Asia region need to upgrade to somewhat higher value-added technologically more attractive services, products and production stages (Chomsky, & Robert, 2011).  These changes, however, require strong innovative capabilities to be developed. In order to achieve this, the leading software and electronic companies and the Asia Pacific states have sought to improve and develop knowledge, skills, and management techniques required to help create and comm ercialize new services, products, processes, equipment and business models (Chomsky & Robert, 2011).   The states and these companies have focused on what is feasible (Chanda, 2007). This has been done with the view that the region as a whole has continued to substantially lag behind in the development of the broad-based science and technology systems (Chanda, 2007). Instead of directly adopting technology leadership

Tuesday, October 29, 2019

Historical Research Method Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Historical Method - Research Paper Example The historical research method applies to all study fields because it covers their origins, development, theories, crisis, and personalities (Golder, 2011). Both qualitative and quantitative variables can be utilized in the collection of historical data. The historical research method comprises the guidelines and techniques by which researchers use primary, secondary, and other sources to research and document history. There is an increasing need for a historical perspective in business and business management. It is anticipated that a â€Å"historic turn† might aid the study of business less deterministic and more humanistic, ethical, and managerially relevant (Clarke, 2009). The methodology applied There is no specific way of conducting historical research, though the following steps must be followed Identification of research topic and formulating the research question This is the first step in any academic research. Researchers obtain their topic concepts distinct sources such as the accomplishments of a person, current issues in education, the relationship between events, and an educational policy or laws (Detzner & Adler, 2010). Data gathering or Literature review This step involves spotting, locating, and collecting data on the research topic. The information sources are contained in documents such as records, newspapers, relics, photographs, and interviews (oral history) with people who have experienced or have knowledge of the research subject. Evaluation and assessment of materials Each data source must be evaluated and assessed for accuracy and authenticity because it can negatively be affected by aspects such as economic conditions, prejudice, and political climate. In addition, it is important to pass sources in either external criticism; the process of determining the trustworthiness, authenticity, or validity, or internal criticism; the process of determining the accuracy or reliability of the information collected. Firsthand information b y event witnesses, for example, are taken as viable or accurate and reliable. Data synthesis and report writing Synthesis are the selecting, structuring, and analyzing the materials gathered into central concepts and topical themes. They joined to form an important and meaningful report for the business. A literature review of where and how historical research method is used in the academic "business" literature This will give a description of the relevant literature in business. Historical research method can be used in market research to enable organizations to stay fine-tuned in business. It can help organizations to penetrate the wants and needs of customers and the techniques of how to meet these desires more effectively and efficiently. The documentation of earlier events may indicate ideas of marketing products, which may be incorporated in the current market. Such ideas make access to customers easy. It is important to analyze the potential competitors that have been in plac e since old times and position an organization properly to remain competitive in the markets (Dona, 2010).  Ã‚  

Sunday, October 27, 2019

Case Study: Narcotics Withdrawal Impact on Health

Case Study: Narcotics Withdrawal Impact on Health Arlena Davis Based on the clinical scenario is Mrs. X’s altered mental status due to a focal neurologic deficit or is it related to a more global etiology? Why? Mrs. X altered mental status is not due to focal neurologic deficit as she does not show focal neurologic signs. Some of the signs of focal neurologic deficit are impairment of the spinal cord, nerves and brain activities impairment of the nerves, spinal cord and brain affects certain areas of the body and causes weakness in the right leg and left arm. Mrs. X does not have impaired of the spinal cord, nerves and the brain according to the medical examination. Mrs. X does not have weakness in the left arm and right leg. The neurologic examination shows Mrs. X has no problem. Mrs. X has grip strength of 5/5 bilaterally. The Dorsi and plantar flexion is 5/5 bilaterally. Mrs. X has no focal spinal and costovertebral angle tenderness. Thus, the altered mental status is linked to a more comprehensive etiology. The altered mental status can be due to overdose of Percocet and use of narcotics. Mrs. X took 80 tablets of 10mg Percocet within 72 hours before she started experiencing the symptom s. In addition, Mrs. X has misused narcotics as evidenced by the family’s reaction. Overuse of narcotics and withdrawal can change the mental status of a patient. McCance, K. L., Huether, S. E. (2014). Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis of Disease in Adults and Children (7th ed.). Maryland, MO: Mosby Elsevier. 2. Based on the available information what differentials can the NP absolutely rule out? Give a rationale as to why you are ruling out each differential. Differential diagnosis is conducted to rule out certain diseases and hence ensure the diagnosis is accurate. The NP should rule out some differential diagnoses. The NP should rule out a focal neurologic deficit diagnosis as Mrs. X does not show signs and symptoms of focal neurologic deficit according to the historical and examination data. Additionally, the NP should rule out influenza DFA diagnosis as the patient does not show signs of DFA influenza. They can rule out diarrhea as a result of influenza according to the examination done by the doctor the diarrhea is not be due to influenza, but narcotic withdrawal. Mrs. X has been misusing narcotics and she has not used the drugs since she became sick and this might have contributed to the diarrhea. Further, the NP should rule out narcotic overdose diagnosis as the patient does not show signs of narcotic overdose. McCance, K. L., Huether, S. E. (2014). Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis of Disease in Adults and Children (7th ed.). Maryland, MO: Mosby Elsevier. 3. What differential diagnoses still need to be ruled out? Other differential diagnosis that still need to be eliminated is serotonin syndrome and encephalitis. She could be dehydrated, her urine is dirty she could have a UTI, she has not eaten since onset of symptoms so the Hydroxycut could be causing her to metabolic alkalosis. Loss of fluid through diarrhea and not eating and drink are related to metabolic alkalosis. Boyer EW. Serotonin syndrome. http://www.uptodate.com/home. Accessed June. 12, 2014. Gasper,M.L.,Dillon,P.M.(2011).Clinical Simulations for Nursing Education Learner Volume. Philadephia, PA: F.A Davis 4. What are the signs of narcotic overdose? Is Mrs. X’s condition consistent with a narcotic overdose? There are different signs of narcotic overdose. The first sign of narcotic overdose is respiratory depression. The respiratory rate is low and apnea is evidenced in serious cases. The patient can have a respiratory arrest if the overdose is significant. Hypoxia can cause pulmonary edema as it impairs the permeability of the pulmonary capillary. Pupil constriction is common expect in severe hypoxia when dilation can be seen. The formation of urine is decreased because of the reduction in the flow of renal blood. Other signs of narcotic overdose are hypotension, cold clammy skin and bradycardia. Moreover, patients presenting narcotic overdose show other symptoms. The symptoms include nausea, vomiting, constipation and slurred speech, confusion, poor judgment and decreased level of consciousness. Mrs. X’s condition is not consistent with narcotic overdose. Mrs. X. does not have a reparatory depression which is the main sign of narcotic overdose. Mrs. X has an elevated respiratory rate and a heart rate of 22 and 97 respectively. Mrs. X does not have constricted pupils as they are reactive to light. However, Mrs. X has decreased level of consciousness and she is confused. Goldberg, R.(2013).Drugs Across the Spectrum. Stamford, CT: Cengage Learning 5. What are the signs of narcotic withdrawal? Is Mrs X’s condition consistent with a narcotic withdrawal? Patients using narcotics show different signs after withdrawal depending on the dosage and how long they have used the drug. The patients can be restless and have insomnia. Also, patients can be anxious, long for the drug and have a flu. Patients can have abdominal cramps, body aches, loss of appetite, Rhinorrhea, fever, confusion, irritability and loss of appetite. Also, patients can have increased respiratory rate, pulse rate and blood pressure in late withdrawal. Patients have gastrointestinal problems including nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and loss of weight. Mrs. X’s condition is in line with the signs of narcotic withdrawal. Mrs. X has an increased heart rate, blood pressure and respiratory rate. Mrs. X heart rate, respiration rate and blood pressure are 97, 22 and 135/55 respectively. Also, Mrs. X has fever and flu- like disease. She has decreased appetite as she has not eaten anything since she became sick. Also, she has lost 25lb in the past 2 months after taking hydrox ycut. In addition, Mrs. X has diarrhea and she has been restless and confused. Gasper,M.L.,Dillon,P.M.(2011).Clinical Simulations for Nursing Education Learner Volume. Philadephia, PA: F.A Davis Munjal,Y.P.,Sharma,S.K.,Agarwal,A.K.,Gupta,P.(2012).Api Textbook of Medicine. New Delhi, India: JP Medical Ltd 6. There are 2 clues which are related to one another in the HP and both suggest the same potential differential diagnosis. The admitting physician did not pick up on the clues and consequently did not consider this in their differentials. What are the two clues? What additional historical information is missing from the HP which should be obtained from the husband based on the 2 clues? The two clues are the patient takes Ultram and Percocet, this combination of drugs cause serotonin syndrome. The physician noted that Mrs. X had excessively used narcotics, but did not put this two together with this outcome. In addition, the physician found she had not utilized narcotics for the last three to four days. The overuse of narcotics and withdrawal of narcotics could have led to altered mental status or decreased level of consciousness. As a result, the doctor encouraged Mrs. X to continue using her medications. The physician should have done a narcotic overdose or withdrawal differential diagnosis. Additional historical information includes mental health history, smoking history and OTC and narcotic drug history. The physician should ensure the husband gives a detailed description of OTC and narcotic drugs used. The husband should identify the type of drug used, dosage, dosing schedule and reasons for using the drug. A detailed drug history enables the physician identify drug interaction cases and overdose. The family members have expressed concern over the misuse of narcotics as they believe Mrs. X is misusing narcotics. Nevertheless, they do not state the narcotics used and dosage. Dietary supplements can interact with other drugs and have an adverse impact on the patient. Further, the doctor should ensure the husband gives a comprehensive description of tobacco smoking history. The husband should state the number of packets she smokes in a day. Additionally, the doctor should obtained information regarding the mental status of the patient. Elderly people are prone to mental disorders and they negatively affect their functioning. Some of the mental illnesses are depression, focal neurologic deficit, delirium, dementia among others. Mental health problems affect cognitive functioning. Understanding the mental health history helps in determining the causes of symptoms elderly patients present with. In this case, Mrs. X is unable to speak and has altered mental status. The physician needs information about Mrs. X’s mental health history to determine the cause of the decreased level of consciousness. Mental disorders such as delirium, dementia and focal neurological deficit change the mental status of the patient. 7. Based on the available information what do you think the most likely diagnosis is for Mrs. X’s altered mental status? Narcotic withdrawal has led to altered mental status. Mrs. X shows different symptoms of narcotic withdrawal including increased heart rate, blood pressure, respiration rate, diarrhea, and confusion. Other symptoms are fever and flu-like disease. Thus, Mrs. X has experienced the symptoms as she has not used narcotics for the last 4 days. References Gasper, M.L., Dillon, P.M. (2011). Clinical Simulations for Nursing Education Learner Volume. Philadephia, PA: F.A Davis Goldberg, R. (2013). Drugs Across the Spectrum. Stamford, CT: Cengage Learning Woods, A., Spratto, G. (2011). Delmar Nurses Drug Handbook 2012 Edition. Stamford,CT: Cengage Learning McCance, K. L., Huether, S. E. (2014). Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis of Disease in Adults and Children (7th ed.). Maryland, MO: Mosby Elsevier. Boyer EW. Serotonin syndrome. http://www.uptodate.com/home. Accessed June. 12, 2014. Gasper, M.L., Dillon, P.M.(2011). Clinical Simulations for Nursing Education Learner Volume. Philadephia, PA: F.A Davis Goldberg, R. (2013). Drugs Across the Spectrum. Stamford, CT: Cengage Learning McCance, K. L., Huether, S. E. (2014). Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis of Disease in Adults and Children (7th ed.). Maryland, MO: Mosby Elsevier. Munjal, Y.P., Sharma, S.K., Agarwal, A.K., Gupta, P. (2012). Api Textbook of Medicine. New Delhi, India: JP Medical Ltd Woods, A., Spratto, G. (2011). Delmar Nurses Drug Handbook 2012 Edition. Stamford,CT: Cengage Learning Zerwekh, J. (2012). Illustrated Study Guide for the NCLEX-RNÂ ® Exam8: Illustrated Study Guide for the NCLEX-RNÂ ® Exam. Saunders: Elsiever Health Sciences

Friday, October 25, 2019

JFK: The Death of a Conspiracy Essay -- History

JFK: The Death of a Conspiracy There is a plethora of conspiracy theories regarding the assassination of President John F. Kennedy. They range from the incumbent of the former Soviet Union to organized crime. Pro-conspiracy groups are in agreement with one theory; the United States government covered up the truth of the assassination. The premise of a government conspiracy to cover up of the assassination is laden with insufficient evidence and unproved theories. The truth of the matter is President Kennedy was assassinated by the lone gunman, Lee Harvey Oswald. On November 22, 1963, at 12:30 p.m., President Kennedy was shot as his motorcade drove through Dealey Plaza in Dallas, Texas. He was rushed to Parkland Memorial Hospital and arrived at 12:35 p.m.. The awaiting medical team rushed the President into one of the trauma rooms. According to Artwohl, â€Å"the doctors were not aware of the massive head damage because the huge flap of frontal scalp that was loosened from the head was held in place by the clotting of the blood on the scalp. This concealed the degree of the wound. They were desperate to save the life of the President and examined him quickly without taking the time...to wash off the blood and debris† (1542). The doctors removed the President’s clothing to check the body for other wounds. While Dr. Perry began the tracheostomy, Dr. Jenkins recalled, that Mrs. Kennedy was circling the room with something â€Å"cupped† in her hands. As Mrs. Kennedy passed by, she nudged Jenkins with her elbow and handed him â€Å"a large chunk o!f her husband's brain.† Dr. Jenkins took the brain matter and handed it to a nurse (Breo 2806). The Parkland Hospital staff worked for twenty-five minutes on the President to no avail. Dr. Clark, who arrived in the trauma room at 12:50 p.m., pronounced the President dead at 1:00 p.m. (2804,6). The President’s body was then wrapped in sheets, placed in a casket, loaded onto a waiting hearse, and transported to the airport. The body was then placed on board Air Force One, the presidential plane, where Mrs. Kennedy and the newly sworn in President, Lyndon Baines Johnson, departed for Washington D.C. While the body of the President was on its way to Washington, Bethesda Naval Hospital made preparations to receive it. The three doctors chosen to do the autopsy were Commander James Humes, M.D., director of labs at the Naval ... ... condition. â€Å"...it was flattened towards its base† (1552). It is not unusual for this type of bullet to incur little or no damage when entering a body. One reason is, this high velocity, heavy-metal-jacket bullet loses very little velocity and does not, usually, tumble or deform when passing through a body (Artwohl 1542). Conspiracy theorists believe that the burning of Dr. Humes autopsy notes constitutes a cover-up by the government. This is not true. The reason he burned the notes was two-fold. One reason was he had stained the notes with the blood of the President, and two, the notes were to be submitted as part of the autopsy report. To have had blood on the notes, would have not been acceptable. Dr. Humes makes the point that he burned his notes only after he transcribed them â€Å"verbatim† to another autopsy form (Breo 2799). Many conspiracy theorists are unanimous in believing that the assassination was a cover-up concocted by the military, the Central Intelligence Agency (C.I.A.), the F.B.I., the Secret Service, and other government agencies to disguise medical evidence that the President was â€Å"publicly executed† in Dealey Plaza by more than one gunman (Artwohl 1540).

Thursday, October 24, 2019

Machete Season

3) Discuss the idea of forgiveness and guilt in Machete Season. In your paper, analyze how the men discuss the idea of guilt how they understand the concept of forgiveness. Consider: How do different men in the group understand guilt and forgiveness? Do the men feel guilt? Are you surprised by their sense/lack of guilt? Why are you surprised? How does Hatzfeld treat this topic? Philosopher Paul Ricoeur posed the question, how â€Å"can one forgive someone who does not admit his guilt? (Hatzfeld 195) Whether this admission of guilt is enough to be forgiven or not, the â€Å"sincere† taking of responsibility for one’s actions is an absolute minimum in striving for forgiveness. Ricoeur’s question becomes especially relevant when discussing the Rwandan Genocide of 1994, in which the Hutu perpetrators, who killed hundreds of thousands of Tutsi, are now seeking forgiveness for their actions. In Machete Season by Jean Hatzfeld, a close-knit gang of such Hutu genocide p erpetrators was interviewed concerning their role in the genocide as well as their views concerning regret and forgiveness.While a majority of those interviewed admit their guilt in killing the Tutsis, their lack of remorse makes  their apologies and actions largely  unforgivable. This insincerity can be seen through their selfish concerns and motives, emphasis on receiving forgiveness from God rather than those victimized, and vision of a return to a completely unaffected future. Prior to assessing the sincerity of their regret and apologies, we must see to what extent they believe themselves to being responsible.These men cite several key recurring justifications for their actions. The first is the intoxicating anti-Tutsi environment created by the Rwandan President’s death being blamed on the Tutsis. These men claim that the consequent emotion led to many of them being â€Å"carried away in a tumult, an uproar, a commotion†(215) and resorting to violence. This t urbulent environment also made accepting orders more intuitive, and Joseph-Desire goes as far as disclaiming â€Å"responsibility for his actions† as he was â€Å"simply following orders†(171).And while these factors were claimed to have helped them initiate these murders, the progression of the killings was accredited to the â€Å"approval† and â€Å"satisfaction† of surrounding people, until they just â€Å"got used to killing†(23). It is clear that these mass murders in many ways believe that they were not responsible for the thousands of deaths, an ignorant attitude made clear through Joseph’s â€Å"stupid, odious, and untenable†(171) demeanor when in trial.Yet, despite minimizing their participation and blaming others, an overpowering â€Å"egocentrism†(240) arises in these interviews and these killers describe themselves as much more than â€Å"simply peripheral figures† in the genocide. A great contradiction betwe en their described roles and their denial of responsibility is thus created, one that highlights the naivety of these men. With these poor attitudes combined, the base for a sincere feeling of regret and remorse is already diminished. Despite this naive belief in innocence, the perpetrators still are willing to offer apologies to the victims.Alphonse highlights the necessity of a â€Å"proper truth from the offender, a sincere request†(204) in a proper apology. The irony is, this is exactly where Alphonse and his fellow killers’ apologies fail. The sincerity of their apologies are thwarted with the same naive and untenable thought processes exemplified by Joseph. The first of such weaknesses arises in the clearly self-centered and selfish motives for asking for forgiveness. Rather than viewing the apology as a mean to help support those affected, many of the prisoners view it as a way to alleviate their own situations.As Hatzfeld describes, these apologies are in many ways a â€Å"selfish act† because it facilitates the â€Å"diminishing of his offence and, thus, his punishment, even his guilt†(199). This is made clear in many of the interviews when discussing forgiveness, as the conversation often shifts to the discussion of the prisoners own problems such as Fulgence’s â€Å"shivery†(157) when thinking of his â€Å"prison future†, Elie’s dreams void of â€Å"the killed people†(162) but rather consisting of a return to his â€Å"house†, and Pio’s desire to â€Å"assuage my memory†(160).Asking for forgiveness becomes a means to getting out of prison sooner, returning to family and friends sooner, and finally, to ease their own nightmares rather than concern for the victim’s own families, futures, and mental states. Comments like â€Å"He asked for forgiveness of everyone at his trial, and he still got a heavy sentence†(203) reflect the naive and selfish attitude t hese killers have, not understanding the â€Å"extraordinary effort†(199) needed to forgive such horrific crimes.This selfishness is also reflected in to whom they are addressing, the next weakness in the sincerity of their apologies. Rather than asking the victims for forgiveness, the most effected by their actions, many of these prisoners seem to be more worried about receiving forgiveness from God, and protecting their own futures. Fulgence epitomizes this attitude when he claims that the perpetrators must â€Å"give a little something to those who have suffered. And leave God the too-heavy task of our final punishment†(193).While the victims are the most effected by the events, Fulgence believes they only need a â€Å"little† compensation, and rather, focuses forgiveness on what will become of him. Pio also reflects this selfish attitude admitting his fear of â€Å"punishment-here below or up above†(160) and later goes on to say that he only sees â₠¬Å"God to forgive me†(207). Forgiveness involves two people, the culprit and the victim, however, the prisoners seem to only factor in themselves, made clear in the proliferation of first person pronouns such as â€Å"our† and â€Å"me† as demonstrated above.The ineffectiveness of this one-person methodology is made clear when viewing forgiveness from the eyes of a survivor, Gaspard, who claims, â€Å"Real regrets are said eye to eye, not to statues of God†(163). The perpetrators clearly do not acknowledge the role of forgiveness in the lives of the victims, whether to help cope or as simple as a gesture, a view that again tarnishes any sincerity in there apologies.With the ultimate power in the hands of God, these mass killers seem to view the return to a completely ordinary life until judgment as tangible, and focus much of their narratives on their own futures. They feel their actions can simply be forgiven and forgotten by â€Å"succeeding next timeâ € (163) and thus overlook any need to sincerely redeem themselves in the present. The transient nature of their guilt can be seen when Fulgence boldly admits, â€Å"I thought wrong, I went wrong, I did wrong†(157), and yet, soon after asserts, â€Å"those dead people and those acts of killing do not invade my dreams†.He clearly lacks remorse, as the horrors caused by his atrocious actions apparently no longer cross his mind. This unregretful attitude is again affirmed through his belief that these same horrific actions are so easily forgotten when he claims, â€Å"Time has punished me for my misdeeds and can allow me to begin an ordinary life†(192). Again, â€Å"my†, â€Å"I†, and â€Å"me† are consistently seen, showing the egotistical nature of the perpetrators, even when discussing the future.Over and over again, the victims’ futures are disregarded and rather, the perpetrators look forward to â€Å"get soccer going again†(160), to â€Å"work without hearing another word, except talk about crops†(193), and to reunite with one’s â€Å"wife and house†(162). Through these aspirations, it becomes clear how little responsibility they feel for their actions. In the end, many of these views and attitudes tarnish the sincerity of the perpetrators desire to forgive, making it that much harder for survivors to try and reconcile with the events of the genocide.While these trends are apparent in many, if not most, of the prisoners interviewed, it’d be unfair to assign this lack of insincerity to every Hutu involved. On occasion, members of the gang do show glimpses of genuine concern, even to the extent of writing letters to victims from prison. However, if these accounts do show anything definite, it is the clear difficulty in apologizing and forgiving after genocide, the first step in any hope for true reconciliation.

Wednesday, October 23, 2019

Game Theory and Report Teachers Association

Ridgecrest School Dispute Initial Report Teachers’ Association 11/15/12 In order to maximize combined interests and reach the Pareto Efficient Frontier, our strategy is to build trust by sharing information about our interests and priorities. In addition, sharing information can help create a positive relationship with the Board of Education and can increase the chances that they will reciprocate that behavior by giving away information about their interests and priorities.Given that many people are reluctant to share information with the other side, we also plan on asking the Board of Education many questions so that we can learn from what is not said as well as from what is said. Another strategy we will use to create value is to make multiple offers simultaneously because it helps to collect valuable information and it makes us appear more flexible. This is a particularly important strategy given that we can compromise on various issues if the other side is willing to offer us some concessions on other matters in return.For instance, we would be willing to accept a formula in which any pay received for performing civic duty would be deducted from regular pay if the board is willing to meet our demands for salary acceptably (See planning document for what is acceptable). The cost-cutting strategy is useful in that it allows for one party to get what it wants while the other has the costs associated with its concession reduced or eliminated. This is a strategy we will use by proposing to the other side a budget that we have come up with that minimizes our concessions while still allowing them to get what they want (See attached Budget Proposal).We have prepared this budget so that when the other side claims that there is no other way expenditures can be cut, we can show them an alternative solution. In addition, we also want to trade off differences in interests and priorities in order to create value. We plan on doing this by trading issues that are mo st important to us such as salary and workload for issues that are most important to the other side. We realize that this might be a problem if the interests that are most important to us are also most important to the other side.But, there might be issues that are significantly more important in terms of other issues to one side than they are to the other side. Finally, we plan on searching for post-settlement settlements in order to look for an agreement that is better for both sides. Once we have created the most possible value that can be created, we will use strategies to claim value. First, we will open aggressively given that initial positions act as anchors and affect the perception of what outcomes are possible. We will do this by asking for more than our target (See planning document for target).For example, we will ask for a $7,000 increase in salaries for lower levels and reduce the pupil/teacher ratio to 13:1. We realize that the other side will not agree to this, but i t will still be helpful as an anchor. Another strategy we will use to claim value is to give credible reasons for our interests whenever possible (See Issues Analysis for several reasons). For instance, the reason we want an increase in salaries is because we have not had any salary increases in years and our workday is longer than the NJ average (See attached for NJ average). If we do not have a credible reason for an interest, then we will use a pseudo reason.In addition, we will know what interests we are willing and not willing to give concessions on (See planning document for concessions). This is important given that there are so many issues in this negotiation that we can compromise on if the other side is willing to give us something else in return. Finally, we are prepared to make smaller concessions to indicate that we are reaching our bottom line without revealing our bottom line. This is always an important strategy because we want a deal that is close to our target, but are willing to accept any deal that is at or above our bottom line.

Tuesday, October 22, 2019

Its Acceptable to Use (Some) Contractions

Its Acceptable to Use (Some) Contractions It’s Acceptable to Use (Some) Contractions It’s Acceptable to Use (Some) Contractions By Mark Nichol Do you believe it’s acceptable to use contractions in formal writing, or is the elision of certain letters and their replacement by apostrophes something that shouldn’t appear in a respectable publication? What’re your thoughts? Some contractions are considered more acceptable than others. The first two I included in the previous paragraph, and others, are often found in all but the most buttoned-up composition, but although ’re is sometimes appropriate, what’re is of dubious respectability. Some contractions are ubiquitous and usually acceptable, while others, for often obscure and arbitrary reasons, are considered substandard usage. Here’s a guide to the relative respectability of various contractions: ’d: a contraction of did, had, and would, considered mildly informal. ’em: a highly informal contraction of them (â€Å"You really showed ’em†). ’er: a highly informal contraction of her, though often in reference to an inanimate object rather than a female (â€Å"Git ’er done†). ’im: a highly informal contraction of him (â€Å"I saw ’im standing there just a minute ago†). ’ll: frequently used in place of will (â€Å"I’ll concede that much†). n’t: widely employed to replace not, as in couldn’t, don’t, isn’t, shouldn’t, and won’t, though ain’t is considered acceptable only in colloquial or jocular usage, and shan’t is considered stilted. ’m: appears only in a contraction of â€Å"I am.† ’re: readily takes the place of are in â€Å"they are,† â€Å"we are,† and â€Å"you are† (and, less often, and less acceptably, â€Å"there are† or â€Å"what are†). ’s: used in contractions of phrases that include has and is, but use with does (â€Å"What’s he say about that?†) is considered highly informal; also is a contraction of us solely in the case of let’s. ’ve: acceptable for contraction of have, but double contractions such as I’d’ve (for â€Å"I would have†) are too informal for most contexts. y’all: a dialect contraction of â€Å"you all,† widespread in the southern United States, to refer to one or more people, but too informal for most written content. Any of these forms is appropriate for representing dialect, though in nonfiction it is usually interpreted as a demeaning caricature, and even in fiction it can become tiresome. The illogic of inconsistent degrees of acceptability for contractions is demonstrated by the case of ain’t, which started out as a spelling variation, based on changing pronunciation, of an’t, itself an easier-to-pronounce form of amn’t (â€Å"am I not†). All three forms were long acceptable an’t also stood in for â€Å"are not† and is the ancestor of aren’t but while aren’t acquired respectability, and amn’t and an’t faded, the older ain’t was attacked as a vulgarity. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:How to Format a US Business LetterConfusing "Passed" with "Past"7 Sound Techniques for Effective Writing

Monday, October 21, 2019

Discuss how Alfred Hitchcock creates horror and suspence in his film Psycho Essay Example

Discuss how Alfred Hitchcock creates horror and suspence in his film Psycho Essay Example Discuss how Alfred Hitchcock creates horror and suspence in his film Psycho Essay Discuss how Alfred Hitchcock creates horror and suspence in his film Psycho Essay and it gently glides upwards toward the ceiling. Then we see Norman emerge from the bedroom carrying Mother, who, seen from above, looks quite doll-like and helpless. At this point, we are fully aware that information is being withheld from us, and that Psycho will not be over until we have looked Mother fully in the face. Hitchcock spent a lot of time and money trying to conceal the fact that Mother and Norman are one and the same. For example, Perkins never did Mothers voice. Hitchcock used several voices, male and female, to try to prevent the audience from getting a fix on Mother. He also used several different people to play Mother. Margo Epper, a 24-year-old actress who had worked largely as a double in Hollywood, played Mother in the shower scene. The basement scene starts as Lila sneaks of to explore the house while Sam holds off Norman. We see the dreaded staircase for the fourth time. The camera follows Lila as she opens the door to Mothers bedroom. At last we are going to see everything. Hitchcock makes time stand still as Lila explores the suffocating Victorian furniture, the armoire with the carefully spaced dresses, the famous, horrible crossed hands on Mrs. Bates table, and the mattress indented with Mrs. Bates seated form. During this scene we get one of the best scares in Psycho, when Lila sees herself reflected in a mirror. Lila doesnt only investigate Mothers room. Going up another half-flight of stairs, she comes to Normans room. As we look at the worn toys, the filthy, unmade bed, we realize that we are inside Normans mind (this is a good example of mise en scene). Then Lila pulls a book from the bookcase and opens it. However, we arent allowed to see what it is. After inspecting both mother and Norman rooms, Lila descends the stairs only to see Norman coming up the path. She cleverly hides beneath the cellar stairs as Norman ascends, but then, to the horror of the audience, decides to inspect the cellar rather than escape, this creates unbelievable tension as we know that mother has been hidden down there. One thing we dont know however is that the biggest surprise of the entire film is coming up. Lila enters the cluttered basement, and switches on the light. We then see Mothers figure sitting in the chair besides the window. Lila calls out mothers name 3 times before reaching out for the chair and spinning it around, this is the first part of the big surprise, the chair swivels around and for the first time in the film we are confronted, face to face with the stuffed remains of Mother. Lila screams and turns around to see Norman (fully dressed up as mother charging insanely through the door, knife in hand, he is ready to attack Lila. He staggers froward, ready to strike, but at the last minute Sam lunges through the door and restrains Norman. After Norman is subdued, we get the official wrap-up from Dr. Richmond. When the doctor is finished, a police officer enters, carrying a blanket for Norman, who is suffering from a slight chill. we then get our final glimpse of Norman, staring helplessly, while Mother gives us her side of the story through the voiceover. She finishes by saying that shes just going to sit here like the harmless old lady she is see, Im not even going to swat that fly. Suddenly, the focus returns to Normans eyes. He looks right at us and grins menacingly. The film has unmasked Norman, and to drive the point home, Hitchcock superimposes Mothers deaths head grin over Normans own. For the purpose of creating horror and suspense Psycho is perfect. The film uses a mix of techniques to create horror and suspense, ranging from the use of music, camera angles to brilliant editing and direction, added to all of this is a very good story line that sucks the viewer in and keeps him at the edge of his seat.

Sunday, October 20, 2019

5 Things You Should Never Put on Your Resume

5 Things You Should Never Put on Your Resume We all know how crucial a resume can be. It’s the document that gets you past the computer, through the door, into the interview. And you can’t get the job without getting through those stages. You’ve added in all the things you’ve been told are resume must-haves, but have you considered there might be a few things you should take out of your resume? Here are 5Â  things that you should delete from your resume as soon as possible. 1. ObjectiveThe Objective statement has gone the way of the dodo. To avoid being hopelessly retro, take it out. Your Objective statement probably just says that you’re looking for a challenging position in a great and growing company anyway, right? That tells the recruiter nothing whatsoever, and it undoubtedly also bores them. A Summary statement is much more effective. If you don’t have one, sub one in for your Objective. Either way, delete the Objective part.2. Laundry listDo you have a section where you merely l ist all of your skills and the key- or buzzwords you were told were must-haves for computer screening? The trouble with these sections is that a) they are usually unreadable by the very computer programs they’re aimed toward enticing, and b) this is a very transparent ploy. Throwing a bunch of keywords at a recruiter won’t convince them. Thread those keywords through the body of your resume text instead.3. Page 2Except in very specific contexts in very specific careers, a second page is never a good idea. You can probably expect that no one else but you will ever bother reading your second page. Better to edit your brains out, pack the first page full of your greatest hits and most impressive skills and work experience, and save the tree.4. Fancy formattingAgain, unreadable to most employers–especially if you’re uploading to a computer system. Anything that isn’t plain text will be scrapped. That includes text boxes, tables, bulleted lists, swanky fonts, page borders, etc. Save the creativity for the wording of your cover letter, or the interview process. Keep your resume clean, standard, and simple.5. HobbiesIt used to be in vogue to include a section on personal interests and hobbies. Unless you can make a case that these have some impact on your qualifications or work performance, skip this section- usually it ends up on page 2 anyway! Save your personal flourishes for the interview, when such things can really liven the conversation and help you shine.

Saturday, October 19, 2019

Responsibility Of Patient Safety Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Responsibility Of Patient Safety - Essay Example Most hazardous technologies have barriers as well as safeguards. The question to ask whenever a mistake occurs should not be who did what but instead why and how the system failed. When the medical practitioners get proper payment, and their shifts made shorter, service delivery can be better. The supply of medical equipment and medications should also be available and at the disposal of the patients as well those who administer. A manual guide of how medication dosages work in several age sets accompanied by the particular disease they treat is valuable as well. Cases of wrong medication for the bad disease of even wrong dosage will not be subject to discussion at all (Cohn and Brower, 2012). Hospital and health institutions should have resilient systems for them to be able to bounce back to its initial ability. Machines that are of great importance to patient health survival should go through careful checking before and after a patient is put on it daily. Medical practitioners will ensure that the patients only use machines that are of good standard and condition as well. The steps to reduce risk concentration, as well as the reoccurrence of problems, can be directed towards the patient (JonWang, 2008). The patients should be taught to associate risks with incidences that precede their occurrences. Detecting these factors can act as warning signs that should trigger immediate actions from the personnel who are on standby every hour of the day to serve and reduce or even do away with the risk.

Friday, October 18, 2019

The Covenants that God made with Noah, Abraham, Moses and David Essay

The Covenants that God made with Noah, Abraham, Moses and David - Essay Example A biblical covenant, however, is not one that is made between two equal parties. After reading the Bible, particularly the Old Testament, one would discover that it was always God who proposes that a covenant be made between Him and man. Apparently, this only proves that God is not one who simply imposes his decisions on man, regardless of the fact that these are always absolutely wise and infallible. The covenants show that He also respects the free will that he gifted man with. He may ask mankind to do things in his favor, but he also grants them privileges in return. Man, for his part, also gets some of his wishes from God, he also has to oblige to certain conditions explicitly stated by the Creator. There were instances though that God unconditionally enters into a covenant with man and this only proves that, unlike man, He can grant favors out of love and not out of the wish for benefits. The first most prominent covenant mentioned in the Bible is that between God and Noah. After the Great Deluge, in which He literally washed the earth to rid it of man’s wickedness, God made a promise to Noah. In Genesis 9:11, He said that he would never punish man by destroying the world with flood. To seal the covenant, God creates the rainbow and makes it the sign of a lasting covenant between Him and man. ... It basically repeated what God once agreed with Adam. The point here is that â€Å"if the relationship with Noah is a new beginning for the human race, picking up where Adam’s seed left off, so to speak, and if it can be explicitly referred to as a covenant, then it should be evident that the relationship with Adam in the garden was also a covenant.† (Smith 36) However, it is clear that the Noahic covenant is a more important indicator of the evolving relationship between God and man. It is in this pact that God manifests His love for mankind by promising not to impose harsh punitive measures. Man, for his part, must not violate the rules established by God. When God placed the rest of His creations under man’s care though, the covenant with Noah clearly governs non-human entities on earth. What is most prominent in the this covenant though is that while God promised never to flood the earth again out of love for his creation, man should also avoid committing act ions that are destructive or self-destructive in nature. While God also promised never to destroy the living creatures, He also granted man stewardship over His creation. God’s covenant with Abraham is different in the sense that it is here where the concept of chosen people is first introduced. In the covenant, God promised Abraham that his descendants would be as many as the stars in the sky. God also said that Abraham’s descendants would be his chosen people. He also defined the land which is to be called by His chosen people their own. On Abraham’s part, such favor is returned by simply remaining faithful to God and become a medium through which God’s kindness and generosity would flow to others as explained in Genesis 12:1-3. This covenant with Abraham

Organizational Structure Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Organizational Structure - Essay Example It can also be termed as the arrangement of lines of rights, authority and duties and communication of an organization. The organizational structure depends on the organizations objectives strategy, and is divided into two namely the centralized structure and the decentralized structure. The centralized structure is the top layer management, which has most decision-making power and control over all departments. The decentralized structure, on the other hand, allows the decision-making powers to be divided among different departments where some of the divisions or departments have some degrees of independence. The structure of an organization is important in as it provides checks and balances within the organization that differs with the sociological idea of power that states that top level managers in an organization have absolute control powers of the organization and can make any decisions for the organization without consultation. Thus, the organizational structure is essential in provide control and checks and balances on how the organization is managed as procedures follow a certain protocol in the organization. The topic is important to me professionally because it will enable me to understand how the decision-making process in the organization should be conducted and help me in improving in my career. Organization structure is important to managers because depending on the structure of the organization the managers manage to control and make decisions pertaining the welfare of the employees, as well as, achievement of goals and objectives. For example, when employees raise concerns in the organization their grievances are taken to the top-level management to establish the issue with the employees. By so doing, the organization manages to have control over the employees and gain their confidence. Additionally, managers find ways to motivate their employees ensuring that all of them are satisfied with their job description therefore it provides a

Thursday, October 17, 2019

Landscape Architecture Semester Project Term Paper - 2

Landscape Architecture Semester Project - Term Paper Example The fact that after the great earthquake, experienced and advanced land design firms were required in coming up with a unique Embarcadero Boulevard project, I put a lot of trust in Embarcadero Boulevard as my precedent project. The Embarcadero Boulevard project has unique components that can guide me in including more ideas into my proposed project. One of the components is its unique functions. It promotes a working waterfront; a diversity of activities such as bars and restaurants; access along and to the waterfront; and also promotes a revitalized port in the ferry terminal. In addition, Embarcadero Boulevard has promoted local and international tourism by acting as a tourism destination. The other component is its spatial features. The Embarcadero Boulevard is developed to be a multi-use structure connecting south waterfront with the northeast waterfront of San Francisco. It has a number of anchor points. The first one is the south beach which provide neighborhood for housing, ba seball field and among others. The second one is Rincon hill which provide public art features along the waterfront. The next one is the ferry building that promotes market activities. The other one is the gap headquarters which provide a strong San Francisco home identity for international retail business. The last one is the historic piers for retail and office purposes. This contributes a lot in my idea of spatial requirements when undertaking my project. In addition, I should choose an appropriate space that allows people to interact with my structure that is being proposed. The waterfront is located on the southern part of New York City. It covers approximately 320 acres of land that touches the Lake Ontario. The site has for sometimes being bare and being misused as a dumping site for solid materials. However, the geographical location of the site is

Landmark Decisions Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Landmark Decisions - Assignment Example The rulings were important in shaping application of the constitution in practical terms (Plessy v. Ferguson) and also in securing the rights of the accused person in protecting his or her innocence (Miranda v. Arizona). Introduction In the Plessy v. Ferguson case, Homer Plessy challenged the Louisiana law requiring that black and white people ride in separate coaches on trains. His argument was that the 14th Amendment of the constitution was meant to guarantee equal protection and due process under the law. However the Supreme Court ruled that segregation under state law was constitutional as long as the facilities provided for the different races were equal. This â€Å"separate but equal† ruling sets the stage for segregation laws that stayed in force for the next 60 years. In the Miranda v. The Arizona Supreme Court held that an accused person’s confession was not to be admitted in court if it was found that he or she was not informed of their right to counsel or hav ing themselves protected against self-incrimination. It forms the basis of the Miranda warnings that are issued up to the present day before any interrogation by an arrested person is initiated (Landmark Rulings of the United States Supreme Court, n.d.). 1. The Plessy v. ... In passing the ruling, Justice Henry Brown noted that the â€Å"Separate but equal† statute merely implied a legal distinction between black and white and that it did not violate the Amendment because it could not have been intended to abolish distinctions based on race or to enforce social equality. As far as the majority Justices were concerned, as long as the statute did not discriminate against the black population politically and merely sought to enforce social order then it was legal and constitutional. This very narrow interpretation of the constitution was entirely in line with the thinking at the time and was accepted and endorsed by all except one of the judges of the Supreme Court (Amar, 2011). In the Miranda v. Arizona ruling, the appellant had objected to the use of a confession that had been made without the accused being made aware of their Fifth Amendment rights (the right to not involuntarily incriminate oneself) and also on this Sixth Amendment right (the rig ht to legal counsel, provided free of charge if the accused cannot afford it). The Supreme Court ruling was a landmark in the way accused persons are questioned prior to being charged in court. It also made the reading of the accused’s rights a mandatory requirement. Initially there was fear that this decision would lead to as one of the justices said, the setting free of killers, rapists and other criminals who would then go out and commit crime again but it also emphasized the doctrine of presumption of innocence, a key constitutional right (Schauer, 2013). 1A. In the Plessy v. Ferguson ruling, the lone dissenting voice was of Associate Justice John Marshall Harlan of Kentucky who held that the constitution is color

Wednesday, October 16, 2019

Case 1 Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

1 - Case Study Example In the current allocation, male athletes are allocated $36, 760, female athletes allocated $29, 084 thus making the difference to be $7, 676hence taking KSU away from complying with the Title IX because it does not relate well with the indirect costs used in the scenario. The total cost per male and female student athlete if football is eliminated will be 29, 101for male and29084 for women. The total cost per women did not change because they did not participate in football. However, the total cost per men reduced because the number of footballers was reduced. The current cost per athlete is almost average making it fair in terms of Title IX. 3. Additional of female’s hockey team will reduce the cost per female athlete from 29, 084 to 25,689 while the cost per athlete for male athletes will remain unchanged. This will be against Title IX because the difference in cost is higher per athlete thus implying that less cost is allocated per female compared to what is put for male athletes. The additional cost will reduce the direct cost while indirect cost will remain unchanged though the increase in number of female athletes will mean that indirect cost will be reduced. The institution should ensure that the total cost per athlete is equal regardless of gender as stated by Title IX. That is the only sure way they can comply with the act. 4. When the number of events is used as a basis of calculating indirect cost, the total indirect cost for male athletes will be 3.817,029 while that for female athletes will be 4,061,469. In that regard, the total cost per athlete will be 33, 6262 for males while that of females will be 34, 904. This is fairer as per the Title IX because the cost per athlete is slightly close implying that the organization allocates almost similar amount of cost to all the athletes regardless of their age. Female athletes have more events

Landmark Decisions Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Landmark Decisions - Assignment Example The rulings were important in shaping application of the constitution in practical terms (Plessy v. Ferguson) and also in securing the rights of the accused person in protecting his or her innocence (Miranda v. Arizona). Introduction In the Plessy v. Ferguson case, Homer Plessy challenged the Louisiana law requiring that black and white people ride in separate coaches on trains. His argument was that the 14th Amendment of the constitution was meant to guarantee equal protection and due process under the law. However the Supreme Court ruled that segregation under state law was constitutional as long as the facilities provided for the different races were equal. This â€Å"separate but equal† ruling sets the stage for segregation laws that stayed in force for the next 60 years. In the Miranda v. The Arizona Supreme Court held that an accused person’s confession was not to be admitted in court if it was found that he or she was not informed of their right to counsel or hav ing themselves protected against self-incrimination. It forms the basis of the Miranda warnings that are issued up to the present day before any interrogation by an arrested person is initiated (Landmark Rulings of the United States Supreme Court, n.d.). 1. The Plessy v. ... In passing the ruling, Justice Henry Brown noted that the â€Å"Separate but equal† statute merely implied a legal distinction between black and white and that it did not violate the Amendment because it could not have been intended to abolish distinctions based on race or to enforce social equality. As far as the majority Justices were concerned, as long as the statute did not discriminate against the black population politically and merely sought to enforce social order then it was legal and constitutional. This very narrow interpretation of the constitution was entirely in line with the thinking at the time and was accepted and endorsed by all except one of the judges of the Supreme Court (Amar, 2011). In the Miranda v. Arizona ruling, the appellant had objected to the use of a confession that had been made without the accused being made aware of their Fifth Amendment rights (the right to not involuntarily incriminate oneself) and also on this Sixth Amendment right (the rig ht to legal counsel, provided free of charge if the accused cannot afford it). The Supreme Court ruling was a landmark in the way accused persons are questioned prior to being charged in court. It also made the reading of the accused’s rights a mandatory requirement. Initially there was fear that this decision would lead to as one of the justices said, the setting free of killers, rapists and other criminals who would then go out and commit crime again but it also emphasized the doctrine of presumption of innocence, a key constitutional right (Schauer, 2013). 1A. In the Plessy v. Ferguson ruling, the lone dissenting voice was of Associate Justice John Marshall Harlan of Kentucky who held that the constitution is color

Tuesday, October 15, 2019

Prohibition Underage Drinking Essay Example for Free

Prohibition Underage Drinking Essay Throughout the years advertisement has played a big part in the growth and popularity of many products in our country. Since the 1920’s advertisements have been used for cars, clothes, food and materialistic things that people want or think they have to have. In the mix of all these advertisements, alcohol is the most used, sought after, and dangerous advertisement in the industry. After the prohibition the safety of the people has been the number one concern since alcohol hit the streets. Where we place the advertisement has more of an impact on society and community than the advertisement does on its own brand. Since 1933, when the prohibition ended, advertising was something that people didn’t know much about. The products that were sold by alcohol companies were all sold by word of mouth or by being the first to sell a big order to a local saloon. Now advertising is not only important but it is a necessity. Unlike the 1900’s, businesses currently make teams to go out and make charts, graphs, and plots of all cities with bus station, bus benches, billboards and even characteristics to the city that match the target market that the company is trying to attract. What makes this so dangerous is the fact that companies have gotten so good at placing advertising, that they already know who the advertising will influence in that city before they put it up. The reason why this is bad is because unlike in the 1920’s, now businesses and companies can find out what parts of the country and what communities drink the most in what areas . In the business world this is great because it makes maximizing your profits really easy, but what they don’t know is that it is hurting the community. The areas that these advertising companies target are low income families, poor communities, and neighborhoods that are known for alcohol induced crimes. This has not only made the problem worse but it has created new problems like underage drinking. Advertising is perceived by teens in different ways than adults perceive it. When a teen sees an advertising in these kinds of areas often they get confused about what is really being advertised and often teens don’t have the support in their life to ask about what it really is. They try and take what they see on the advertisement and match it to what they see in reality. Often the only similarities teens make the connection with is parties, dancing, and girls. But what they don’t know about is the consequences. Since the 1920’s the government has been doing everything they can to stop alcohol induced crime, but it has only gotten worse. In the united states 80% of college students between the age of 18-20 are said to consume alcohol when at college. The universities have tried to set strict policies for drinking and having parties on campus, but all it has done is make the college kids more rebellious and determined to not get caught. This can be a main contributing factor to drop out rates, car accidents, unprotected sex, fights, and alcohol poisoning that has been a concerning statistic for many universities. The consequences that the universities and even the government have set up for underage drinking are become so serious that it can now effect your entire life with fines such as a year in jail, $500 fine, 3 year probation, and a felony. This can effect students and underage drinkers from getting jobs, driver license, and going to school in the future. As you can see advertising since the 1920s was nothing like it is today. They relied on word of mouth to sell their product to the right place and now we have cheat sheets and charts to send companies to the right buyer and sometimes the wrong consumer. As a part of the 20th century revolution we have to deal with the problems that the advertising has created as well as learn about what the advertising has taught us.

Monday, October 14, 2019

The Visionary Behind The Spanish Architect Santiago Calatrava

The Visionary Behind The Spanish Architect Santiago Calatrava Intuitive vision that lures experienced and studied phenomena greatly enriches human endeavor, just as much as structural theory and geometry have the ability to inspire monumental works of architecture. Further down the line, the visionary behind the Spanish architect, Santiago Calatrava shall be unveiled, on the basis of the aforesaid statement. The Sculptor Calatravas early interest in art and the aesthetic sense that drew him to a small book on Le Corbusier, would remain another constant factor in his work, and one of the things that sets him apart in the world of contemporary architecture. Calatrava evolved his art, and his sculpture into architecture. Time and time again, his work leaves architecture critics perplexed because of his tremendous ability to translate his sculptures into real structures, into architecture. He never fails to generate a great deal of mystery and curiosity in his works. Calatrava goes so far as to even suggest that his art (sculpture) must be considered as a source of ideas for architecture. Julio Gonzalez explains the Architecture-Sculpture equation. Architecture and sculpture are two rivers in which the same water flows. Imagine that sculpture is unfettered plasticity, while architecture is plasticity that must submit to function, and to the obvious notion of human scale (through function). Where sculpture ignores function, unbowed by mundane questions of use, it is superior to architecture as pure expression. But through its rapport with human scale and the environment through its penetrability and interiority architecture dominates sculpture in these specific areas. (Julio Gonzalez Dessiner dans lespace, Skira, Kunstmuseum, Bern, 1997) In 1914, in his book Les Cathà ©drales de France, sculptor Auguste Rodin wrote, The sculptor attains great expression only when he gives all his attention to the harmonic play of light and shadow, just as the architect does. The fact that one of the most famous phrases of modern architecture was inspired not by an architect but by a sculptor underlines the significance of art. The Engineer It is not enough to be an engineer. We are not allowed to confine ourselves within our own professions, but must live in full view of the entire scene of life, which is always total. The supreme art of living is a consummation gained by no single calling and no single science; it is the yield of all occupations and all sciences, and many things besides. -Josà © Ortega y Gasset, Man the Technician Calatravas expressive use of technology and inventive form would be impossible without an awareness that goes beyond architecture and engineering. Music, painting and the natural sciences are as vital to his work as any other calculation. His work becomes and intertwinement of elastic expression and structural revelation, producing results that possibly can be best described as a synthesis of aesthetics and structural physics. (Anthony C. Webster Utility, Technology and Expression, The Architectural Review 191, no.1149, November 1992: 71) Calatravas design process reflects his eclectic education. He began as an art student, then went on to earn a degree in architecture, from Escuela Technica Superior de Arquitectura de Valencia, and then finally a doctorate of Technical Science from the Eidgenosische Technische Hochschule (ETH) in Zurich, all in his birthplace Valencia. He spent his time making and then developing numerous sketches. His sketches emphasize his preference for resolving a design in section, which for him reveals not only the strength of the building but also its structural beauty. Often, his sketches are followed by scale models, or what he generally refers to as toys and games. (Santiago Calatrava, The synthetic Power of Games and Metaphor. In Bridging the Gap: Rethinking the Relationship of an Architect and Engineer. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold, Building Arts Forum/New York, 1991, p. 173). Used as experiments and primarily inspirational tools for resolving technical problems such as dynamics or tension, they are also seen as sculptures that borrow the language of Engineering. They are creative statements about structural force. Calatravas comprehension of technical information and science is what grants his work the starting point, that is paralleled to Leonardo Da Vincis own interconnected scientific and artistic connections. Just as Da Vinci made use of his art and science background, translating human and animal movement into mechanical movement and added depth and the third dimension in his paintings; similarly, Calatravas fantastic educational knowledge in engineering as well as architecture, enables him to translate his sculptural work (which depicts motion) into crystallized movement in his architectural work. Movement has always fascinated Calatrava, and for parts of his structures, it has been a source of evolution and inspiration. Even in his engineering thesis of foldable space frames, he investigated movement as an inherent part of architecture. His doctoral thesis, On the Foldability of Frames had to do with the fact that a geometric figure can be reduced from three dimensions to two, and ultimately just one. A polyhedron can be collapsed, making it a single planar surface. Another transformation can further reduce it to a single line, a single dimension. He thus concluded that any building is not just a visual image, consisting of different volumes and textured surfaces, but a dynamic object Although, it is very noticeable from his works and he himself has also stated that nature is his structural inspiration, it is also seen that he doesnt imitate any particular organic form. Instead, he closely observes the strong visual movement in natural objects that derives from the fact that their shapes are the traces of the physical forces that created them. His structures have the same dynamic quality emphasized in Rudolf Arnheims explanation of nature. It is alive to our eyes partly because its shapes are fossils of the events that gave rise to them. (Rudolf Arheim, Art and visual Perception: A Psychology of the Creative Eye, Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1969, p.351) The Essence of Architecture The fact that some are uncomfortable with the multiple forms of expression chosen by Santiago Calatrava is probably the best indication that is he onto something important. Joseph Seymour , the former executive director of the Port Authority of New York and new Jersey said, We think he is the Da Vinci of our time. He combines light and air and structural elegance with strength. His architecture captivates the imagination, showing the potential of sculptural form and dynamic structure, and what it can accomplish. His vision elevates the human spirit by creating environments in which we live, play and work. He does not seem disturbed by the coexisting forms of art, architecture and engineering in his mind and thought. With all of his combined interests, he is able to amaze everyone with his phenomenal designs each time. He develops forms that are anonymous, yet universal. Turning Torso, Sweden In sculpture, I have used spheres, and cubes and simple forms often related to my knowledge of engineering. I must admit that I greatly admire the liberty of a Frank Gehry, or Frank Stella as a sculptor. There is a joy and a liberty in Stellas work that is not present in my sculpture, which is always based in the rough business of mathematics. (Interview with Santiago Calatrava, Zurich, February 22, 2006) Ernstings Warehouse, Germany It has been made clear through Calatravas Ernstings Warehouse, in Coesfeld Germany (1983-85), that architecture is not static. The warehouse doors continue the aluminium wall surface when closed, but when open, the faà §ade is pierced and set in motion and the doors are transformed into a beautiful scalloped canopy. Bac De Roda Bridge, Barcelona Like many 20th Century engineers, Calatrava considers concrete to be the most noble construction material. The Spanish word for concrete, hormigon, from the word meaning form, describes most directly the unique quality of concrete- Its ability to take any form or shape. Of course, Calatrava has his favorites, but doesnt limit himself to concrete. The marvelous dialogue he establishes between concrete and steel, for example and the detailing of these connections reveal a great deal of his ideas on structural composition. In the Bac De Roda- Felipe II Bridge (1984-1987) in Barcelona, the arches are transformed from steel into concrete, as they majestically bend to meet the earth. Concrete abutments are anchored firmly into the ground, while steel , because of its obvious lightness compared to concrete, soars over the roadway. Stadelhofen Station, Zurich The three pronged steel columns seem to bite into the glass canopy and concrete promenade to ensure support and grip. These junctures embody Calatravas fascination with the way load are carried to the ground. Conclusion His work is an inspiration to numerous architects across the globe not only because it counteracts the thrusts of arches, and domes of massive stone construction, but because it also conveys structural clarity and rhythmic qualities. Calatravas work can captivate, communicate, and inspire though a visual process. We sense a familiarity with it that is often definable yet not attributable to a single source. At a time when specialization in architecture is increasing, Santiago Calatrava has the ability to combine the somewhat contradicting disciplines of architecture and engineering, with his very own creative vision. It is the vision that has the capability to rejuvenate not just the built environment but ultimately the very spirit of building itself.

Sunday, October 13, 2019

Free Siddhartha Essays: Finding the Truth :: Hesse Siddhartha Essays

Finding Truth in Siddhartha In Hermann Hesse's Siddhartha, a classic novel about enlightenment, the main character, Siddhartha, goes on a lifelong journey of self-discovery. Along the way, Siddhartha encounters many who try to teach him enlightenment, undoubtedly the most important being the Buddha himself. Although Siddhartha rejects the Buddha's teachings, saying that wisdom cannot be taught, we can see, nevertheless, that along his journey for understanding Siddhartha encounters the Four Noble Truths that are a central theme in Buddhism: suffering, the cause of suffering, the end of suffering, and the middle path. The First Noble Truth is The Truth of Suffering. If people examine their own experiences, or look at the world around them, they will see that life is full of suffering. In the novel, Siddhartha experiences the two forms of suffering - physical and mental. Physical suffering can come in many forms - disease, ageing, injury. Siddhartha experiences physical suffering as a young man when he joins the ascetics or Samanas. As a Samana, Siddhartha learns to fast, to tolerate extreme heat and cold, and to endure pain through meditation. Siddhartha's life as a samana is bitter, and he learns that "life [is] pain" (p.11). Siddhartha experiences mental pain in the second half of his life when he begins a contrasting existence of pleasure, and then again when he meets his only son. After leaving the Samanas, Siddhartha begins a life of decadence in the house of a wealthy merchant and in the company of a beautiful courtesan. Though at first Siddhartha remains apart from their daily troubles, as the years go by Siddhartha himself begins to value money, fine wine, and material possessions. Because of this "a thin mist, a weariness [settles] on Siddhartha," (p. 63) and he is engulfed in mental pain. Later, after ridding himself of the pain of the life of a wealthy merchant by becoming a simple ferryman, Siddhartha again experiences mental anguish when he meets his son. Siddhartha immediately falls in love with his arrogant 11-year-old son, whom he has never seen before. But the son despises his father and his simple life, and after a short time runs away. Siddhartha becomes restless and worried, again experiencing great mental anguish. As he goes along his journey, Siddhartha realizes The Second Noble Truth - that the direct cause of suffering is desire.

Saturday, October 12, 2019

Illusion in Death Of A Salesman :: essays research papers

What does Williams say about illusions and how are they important/dangerous to us? Tennessee Williams’ protagonist, Blanche Dubois, is a woman struggling to escape the faults of her past and secure a new life for herself. Her many mistakes have turned her life upside down and created a host of problems for her to deal with. To help her deal with the extreme direness of her existence, Blanche often creates fantasies and delusions to make her life seem more stable than it actually is. Although Blanche’s ultimate mental deterioration is partially due to her adherence to her delusions, it seems it is also these fantasies that help Blanche cope with her desperate situations. It is in this way that Williams presents illusions as something that can be important in our lives. Sometimes experiences in life are too traumatic or emotionally consuming to deal with outright. By tricking ourselves into thinking that the situation is better or different, we find ourselves more ready to live with whatever problem that effects us. However, as is the case with Blanche, illusions can potentially be destructive to our psyches as well. Hiding behind delusions to avoid our problems can make them all the more cataclysmal when we are forced to return to reality and face them. Throughout A Streetcar Named Desire, Blanche subdues the demons of her past by deceiving herself and those around her into thinking that they don’t exist. This method of coping with her problems makes them even more disastrous when she is finally forced to face them. As an added blow to Blanche’s mental stability, her spirit is destroyed by her savage rape at the hands of her brother-in-law,

Friday, October 11, 2019

Finance Tutorial Essay

(a) Explain what is meant by the liquidity of a company. Define two common accounting measures of liquidity. (b) Why is liquidity an important indicator that an investor should consider when analysing share investment opportunities? Answer: 7. a) A company must ensure that it has access to sufficient cash to be able to meet its current commitments and take future advantage of future business opportunities. This is indicated by the company’s level of liquidity, that means having ability to continue to meet its short-term financial obligations and thus to continue trading. Two common accounting measures of liquidity are: i) Current ratio= Current assets (maturing within 1 year) /Current liabilities (due within 1 year) ii) Liquid ration= Current assets-Inventory (stock on hand)/ Current liabilities- Bank overdraft. 7. b) Liquidity is the ability of a company to meet the short term obligations. It is the ability of the company to convert its assets into cash. Short term, generally, signifies obligations which mature within one accounting year. Short term also reflects the operating cycle: buying, manufacturing, selling, and collecting. A company that cannot pay its creditors on time and continue not to honour its obligations to the suppliers of credit, services, and goods can be declared a sick company or bankrupt company. Inability to meet the short term liabilities may affect the company’s operations and in many cases it may affect its reputation too. Lack of cash or liquid assets on hand may force a company to miss the incentives given by the suppliers of credit, services, and goods. Loss of such incentives may result in higher cost of goods which in turn affect the profitability of the business. Thus, liquidity is an important indicator that an investor should consider when analysing share investment opportunities to make sure that they are investing in the right company where they could get a good return on their investment.

Thursday, October 10, 2019

Anticipitory Socialization

The shaping of my role as being the future leader for the Hawaii Papua Riders has been an anticipatory colonization experience during early onset of my life-span development. â€Å"Anticipatory colonization,† Is the process by which knowledge and skills are learned for future roles. The pungent smell of morning dew fills my lungs up with the essence of the earth, the cool breeze that gently touches my face, and the neighing of horses has been embedded in my fond memories as a young girl.Growing up on our ranch in Womanly, my grandparents were the one's who instilled a passion of tending and riding horses. I would be at our family ranch before the sun came up and TLD leave until sunset during my summers as a child. My grandfather John M. Cook and grandmother Lit L. Cook were the founders of the Hawaii Papua Riders in 1982, until the year of 2003 of my grandmother's passing. Currently my mother Leila K. Cook carries on the legacy my grandmother upheld, and is now the head of Haw aii Papua Riders as its second generation.Being my mothers daughter I will someday need to carry on these duties as the third enervation equestrian chairperson of the Hall Papua Riders. The Hawaii Papua Riders participate In yearly events that mark an Importance In Hawaiian culture. Events which include the Aloha Festival Parade, Jackhammer Day Parade, and other engagements that the community associates their reverence and respect for the Papua tradition. Hawaii Papua riding is a sense and practice of Hawaiian tradition fitted for Alit, or royalty, which is a lengthy piece of fabric worn to protect their wardrobe while riding on horseback held by Just six UK' nuts.The practice of preparing the horse or each rider, and the wrapping of fabric around the Papua rider has been the focal point Into the art of the royal Hawaiian tradition. Now days, Pap Rolling symbolizes horsemanship, aloha, and beauty of each Hawaiian island, for each island has its own specific color, flower, and repres entation. My grandparents taught me how to saddle the horses properly and securely while maintaining the comfort level for the horse.The preparation of saddling ones horse is a complex process, yet also a crucial one, as It ensures the safety for not only the horse, but for the Papua rider and bystanders. My grandmother would tell me often that safety comes first: no matter what the instance is, because an issue can stir in the midst of a parade ride at a moment's haste, so taking precaution to the welfare of the horse and it's rider is top priority before, during, and after each Papua event. The importance in the relationship between the Papua rider and their horse is also crucial to the accordance of each parade or event.The rider must be confident and comfortable riding their horse, as to avoid Injury to the rider or bystanders. The horse must be confident and imposture through a chaotic environment that a typical parade or event encompasses. Greeting and portraying a Papua rider appearance at all times during the course of the event is a daunting task, as there is a certain procedure to seating position, body posture, and gestures while keeping the Papua fabric taut and the floral arrangement on the Papua rider's neck and head from disarray.I would spend hours practicing to perfect the Papua rider appearance, so that one day I can teach prospective Papua riders the correct and traditional way that has been handed down since the early beginnings of the Papua tradition. Learning from a young age about the necessary responsibilities and comprehensive knowledge of the Hawaii Papua Riders, as well as refining my horsemanship skills, gives me confidence in my ability to uphold my future role within the Papua community.My mother has devoted herself in continuing the perpetuation of the Hawaii Pap equestrian tradition, and I too will continue to keep the Papua tradition alive, being the successor to my mother as a third generation Cook leading the Hawaii Papua Rid ers. But until that time comes, I will continue on this anticipatory colonization path right beside my mother, as a constant minder to myself that someday soon, all this responsibility and task will be the roles as well as standers I will have to uphold someday.From a symbolic interactions perspective, having the opportunity to be able to interact with horses, and family members who are accustomed to Papua riding tradition, has culturally assimilated me to the lifestyle of a Papua rider. With Symbolic interactions, reality is seen as social developed interaction with others. My family members are one's that I could trust, and as a young girl, I was engaged in mirroring their actions, beliefs, and aloes, because I wanted to make my family, and on a broader perspective, the Papua community see the elegance of Papua.The interaction with my family members who have the passion for horseback riding, and also the dedication to perpetuating a royal Hawaiian tradition in respect to the cultu re I identify myself as is the symbolism to my predisposition to my future role as being a third generation Cook family member to one day lead the Hawaii Papua Riders. Most symbolic interactions believe a physical reality does indeed exist by an individual's social definitions, and that social definitions do develop in part or relation to something â€Å"real. As my grandparents and mother interacted with me by teaching me how to ride a horse, how to saddle a horse, listening to stories about their own Papua riding experience has shaped my reality in being accustomed to those ways as my way of living within my own family dynamic. The emphasis on symbols, negotiated meaning, and social construction of society brought on attention to the roles people play. As a child, I did not see the connection of my horsemanship interactions would lead me to being competent in my future role as head of the Hawaii Papua Riders.Role-taking is a key mechanism that permits people to see another person 's perspective to understand what an action might mean to another person. Through the symbolic interactions perspective, it is clear that my everyday involvement with the horses and my primary support group affiliated with the Papua community would have a major impact to who I am, how I see myself, and who I identify myself as within my own family and community on a systems level. So as I continue to stand beside my mother, I know my time will someday come and I will be the third generation of leading and Chairperson of the â€Å"Hawaii Papua Riders†.

Wednesday, October 9, 2019

The American Dream in the Jungle

Many immigrants migrate to America everyday with the hopes to achieve their American dream. For most immigrants the American dream consist of finding a country where effort and morality transcend to success. In â€Å"The Jungle† by Upton Sinclair, a family of hard working optimistic Lithuanians migrate to America with the belief that equality and opportunity dictates that all people should have the same opportunities open to them if they put out efforts. They arrive to the US expecting to find a land of opportunity, freedom, and equality, and acceptance.Instead they find a land where only crime, moral corruption and crookedness enables them to succeed. The hopes and dreams of these individuals are destroyed as they encounter a land of moral corruption, crime, exploitation and a life of depression and unhealthy daily labor that brings them physical and mental pain. Sinclair clearly shows that the American Dream is simply an illusion. The title of the book â€Å"The Jungle† creates an atmosphere of predators and prey like survival of the fittest.The predators being the criminals and the prey being the Rudkus family. The title of the book symbolizes how the lower class represented by the Rudkus family is being exploited or attacked by the capitalist society and how the country is turned into a jungle . Sinclair uses similes and metaphors to demonstrate the comparison between animals of the jungle and the people . For example in chapter 15, when Jurgis finds out that Connor â€Å"the great beast† rapes Ona, Jurgis â€Å"eyes were wild and his hair flying, and he was breathing hoarsely like a wounded bull†.Jurgis â€Å"sprang† into a room to find Connor, â€Å"his prey,† and â€Å"sunk his teeth into the man’s cheek, and when they tore him away he was dripping whit blood, and the little ribbons of skin where hanging in his mouth† (Sinclair 162). Such imagery is portrayed through out the novel. Exploitation is f oreshowed at the beginning of the story when Jurgis and Ona celebrate their weeding and the guest refuse to leave money to pay for the weeding. Ona is concerned that they wont be able to pay for the expenses and that they will be in serious debt but Jurgis assures her that he will work harder and earn all the money back. Leave it to me, leave it up to me. I will earn more money-I will work harder† (Sinclair 21). This quotation shows how in the beginning of the novel Jurgis is very optimistic, strong, determine, energetic and, devoted to his family and his new country, being unaware of how the system works. Even when the family tries to purchase their new home which is symbolize by what their American dream is, they get exploited by the real state agent. Grandmother Majauszkiene tells them â€Å"You are all alike all the rest, they trick you and eat you alive. They never sell the house without interest.Get your deed, and see†(Sinclair 73). The tone of this quote also exp resses the jungle atmosphere when she mentions how they are been tricked and eaten alive. Another individual that serves as an opposing force to the Rudkus family is Phil Connor. He is Ona’s boss at the factory and represents the higher corrupt authority in Chicago. He also rapes and takes advantage of Ona by pushing her into prostitution and makes life harder for Jurgis and his family when he decides to put him in the blacklist, making it absurd for Jurgis to get a new job.He is clearly an example of someone who abuses his power over others for his own personal profit It is an argument that its up to everyone to do whatever is in their power to be happy. By exploiting the Rudkus family the real estate agent was happy because his American dream is to sell and make as much profit as possible. But up to what extend is it fair to achieve one’s American Dream? It is not fair to exploit other individuals in order to achieve ones goals and dreams. These people are coming to America unknowingly of how the system works blind to the ways of capitalism.For example, in chapter 3 Jurgis is portrayed as a naive individual that is not familiar on how the labor system works, he is overwhelmed with his new job that he doesn’t understand Jokubus' cynicism when he cynically points out the signs posted that demand cleanliness, â€Å"That was why to Jurgis it seemed almost profanity to speak about the place as did Jokubas, skeptically†. Jurgis was grateful to have a job and that’s all he knew at the time â€Å"to be given a place in it and a share in its wonderful activities was a blessing to be grateful for, as one was grateful for the sunshine and the rain† (Sinclair 43).Is not until later on when he starts to understand more and more about the bitterness he sees in his co-workers. Another form of exploitation that doesn’t allow Jurgis and his family to achieve their American dream is the long hours of labor they must work in ord er to maintain the family alive. These unhealthy long hours of labor that they must work brings the family physical and mental pain. When Jurgis starts to work in the meat packing plant he is exited and happy to have a job, soon after he discovers that he is engaged in unfair labor activities as well as unsafe food handling.In chapter 11 Jurgis suffers from a terrible accident at work. The company doctor tells him that he'll be laid up for months with a severe ankle and foot injury. The accident poses a terrible problem for the family. Without Jurgis' wages, they might starve. â€Å"It was dreadful that an accident of this sort, that no man can help, should have meant such suffering. The bitterness of it was the daily food and drink of Jurgis. It was of no use to them to try to deceive him, he knew as much about the situation as they did, and he knew that the family might literally starve to death† (Sinclair 120).Soon after Ona becomes terribly ill with a cough similar to the one that killed Dede Antana, she also becomes pregnant and not long after dies when giving birth. â€Å"They were beaten; they had lost the game, they were swept aside. It was not less tragic because it was so sordid, because that it had to do with wages and grocery bills and rents. They had dreamed of freedom; of a chance to look about them and learn something; to be decent and clean, to see their child group up to be strong. And now it was all gone-it would never be! (Sinclair 163) Jurgis and his family have failed in the attempt to pursue the American dream because the wage slavery and unfair labor practices shatters every aspect of their lives. Not only does the unhealthy labor causes the family physical pain but also mental pain. For example Stanislovas, one of Elzbieta's children witnesses a little boy with severe frostbite to his ears that fall off when a man rubs them strongly to try to save them. After that, Stanislovas develops a phobia of the cold winter and throws a fi t before work each day.He doesn’t want to go out in the cold with the fear that his ears are going to fall off. Also seeing how the food is processed becomes a sort of trauma for the characters. Sinclair uses symbolism to show how the torture of the pigs and the meat is symbolic of the middle class. Workers get chewed up just like the meat. It is an argument that if one is working in a slaughterhouse one must have to be strong minded and expect to work with blood, and other bodily fluids that can cause effect.The problem with this argument is that at the cost of a whole factory staff only a few get to be happy, while those workers down on the killing floors are being hurt on a daily basis and get little to no pay. Ironically labor is suppose to be part of the American dream, immigrants travel to the country to find jobs to prosper and make money but in this case the hard long hours of work only corporate towards their family destruction. As the novel progresses the role of fa mily diminishes as the characters become increasingly abuse and battered.For example in chapter 13 Kristoforas, one of Elzbieta's children dies, Jurgis is more relief than sad because that only mean that there is one less mouth to feed. The only thing that concerns Jurgis is the expenses for the funeral since they have no money. â€Å"Kristoforas had howled his last howl. No one was really sorry about this except poor Elzbieta, who was inconsolable. Jurgis announced that so far as he was concerned the child would have to be buried by the city, since they had no money for a funeral† (Sinclair 134).At this point in the novel the main focus is survival and the desperate need for nourishment takes priority over compassion and love, as evidenced by Jurgis’s beating Stanislovas when he doesn’t want to go to work. The unity of the family is destroyed by the poverty, a result of capitalist economics and it doesn’t allow them to give affection to one another. In c hapter 10 it is evident that Ona and Jurgis don’t have time for their newborn baby, â€Å"Jurgis had to go to sleep himself. Then in the morning there was no time to look at him, so really the only chance the father had was Sundays.This was more cruel yet for Ona, who ought to have stayed home and nursed the him, the doctors said for her own heath as well as the baby’s, but Ona had to go to work and leave him† (Sinclair 114) Jurgis and Ona aren’t able to enjoy each other anymore, whenever they talk it is merely about their concerns and worries. â€Å"Talked they had only their worries to talk of- truly it was hard, in such a life, to keep any sentiment alive† (Sinclair 129). Ona doesn’t feel love anymore by Jurgis, she is concerned that the misery is wearing out their love. She wondered if he cared for her as much as ever, if all this misery was not wearing out his love†(Sinclair 130). Sinclair shows how this family has been destroyed by the corruption and greed of others, the tone is very depressing and tragic. In this point of the novel the characters have been consumed from head to toe by the oppression of their job, they don’t even have energy to show emotions such as love, hate, or sadness. Jurgis is clearly a robot to the society that engages in a routine from home to work and back to home just to sleep.Jurgis and his family have become dehumanized and become more zombie like as they are described with intense imagery â€Å"Jurgis cant not stay angry. The poor fellow looked like a homeless ghost, whit his cheeks sunken in and his long black hair straggling into his eyes; he was too discourage to cut it, or think about his appearance. His muscles were wasting away, and what where left where soft and flabby. He had no appetite and they couldn’t not afford to tempt in whit any delicacies.It was better, he said, that he shouldn’t not eat, it was saving. † (Sinclair 127) Some people a rgue that if Jurgis and Ona never had a baby, the money being used for that baby could have been used for other purposes like food or toward their home. having children while having no money is bad. But being happy with the little bit of money they had, Ona and Jurgis didn’t think it would be much of a problems In chapter 10 before Ona gets pregnant, the family has enough money to survive and even has money left to pay little by little his debts. During the early part of winter the family had had money enough to live and little over to pay their debts† (Sinclair 105). But Jurgis then gets injured and has no work. When he has no work there is no money flowing into the home, this causes despair and urgency. It was also part of their American dream, to have kids watch them grow and give them an education. â€Å"They were beaten; they had lost the game, they were swept aside. It was not less tragic because it was so sordid, because it had to do with wages and grocery bills and rents.They had dreamed of freedom; of a chance to look about them and learn something; to be decent and clean, to see their child grow up to be strong. And now it was all gone–it would never be! They had played the game and they had lost. † (Sinclair 144). This quote shows how Jurgis's life has been destroyed by the unjust social system that didn’t allow him to achieve his American dream. The American dream is cWork Cited Page Upton Sinclair. The Jungle New York: Bantam Classic edition, 1906